![]() ConsonantsĬomanche has a typical Numic consonant inventory. In the conventional orthography, these vowels are marked with an underline: ⟨a̱, e̱, i̱, o̱, u̱, ʉ̱⟩. voiceless vowels are non-phonemic and therefore not represented in this chart. Unstressed short vowels are usually devoiced when /s/ or /h/ follows and optionally when word-final. Short vowels can be either voiced or voiceless. Short vowels can be lengthened when they are stressed. An example of a long vowel is the (ee) in meaning 'turtle'. ![]() Long vowels are never devoiced and in the orthography they are represented as (aa, ee, ii, oo, uu, ɨɨ). In the following chart, the basic symbols given are in the IPA, whereas the equivalent symbols in the conventional orthography are given to the right of them.Ĭomanche distinguishes vowels by length. ![]() Historically, there was a certain amount of free variation between and (as shown by comparison with Shoshoni cognates), but the variation is no longer so common and most morphemes have become fixed on either /ai/ or /e/. In addition, there is the common diphthong /ai/. Phonology VowelsĬomanche has a typical Numic vowel inventory of six vowels. The college previously conducted a language recording project, as the language is "mostly oral," and emphasizing instruction for tribal members. Comanche language courses were available at the now-closed Comanche Nation College. An online class is available from the Learn Comanche organization, and the Comanche Language and Cultural Preservation Committee offers dictionaries and language learning materials. Army to send messages conveying sensitive information in the Comanche language so that it could not be deciphered by the enemy.Īs of July 2013, there were roughly 25-30 native speakers of the language, according to The Boston Globe. A group of seventeen young men referred to as the Comanche Code Talkers were trained and used by the U.S. The Comanche Vocabulary will also hold great interest for the large public fascinated by this once-dominant tribe.The Comanche language was briefly prominent during World War II. This information will help scholars understand the processes of language evolution and cultural change that occurred among all Native American peoples following European contact. The book also includes information on pictography, preserving a rare sample of Comanche scapula drawing. Gelo's introduction discusses the circumstances in which García Rejón gathered his material and annotates significant aspects of the vocabulary in light of current knowledge of Comanche language and culture. This translation adds the English equivalents to the original Spanish-Comanche list of 857 words, as well as a Comanche-English vocabulary and comparisons with later Comanche word lists. It preserves words and concepts that have since changed or even disappeared from the language, thus offering a unique historical window on earlier Comanche culture. The Comanche Vocabulary collected in Mexico during the years 1861-1864 by Manuel García Rejón is by far the most extensive Comanche word list compiled before the establishment of the Kiowa-Comanche-Apache Reservation in 1867.
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